Coarsening Dynamics of Granular Heaplets in Tapped Granular Layers

A semi-continuum model is introduced to study the dynamics of the formation of granular heaplets in tapped granular layers. By taking into account the energy dissipation of collisions and screening effects due to avalanches, this model is able to reproduce qualitatively the pattern of these heaplets. Our simulations show that the granular heaplets are characterised by an effective surface tension which depends on the magnitude of the tapping intensity. Also, we observe that there is a coarsening effect in that the average size of the heaplets, V grows as the number of taps k increases. The growth law at intermediate times can be fitted by a scaling function V ~ k^z but the range of validity of the power law is limited by size effects. The growth exponent z appears to diverge as the tapping intensity is increased.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Effects of slopes and spaces of protrusions in fish ladder for eels on migration rate of Anguilla japonica

In recent year, populations of Anguilla japonica have been decreasing sharply. This decrease is partly because it is estimated to be overfishing of Anguilla japonica, the deterioration of the river environment and so on. Migrating fishes are impeded by weirs and dams in the river. Fishways have been constructed to swimming fish like Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis in order to solve this problem. On the other hand, it is thought that special fishway is necessary for demersal fish like eels. Furthermore, studies on fish ladder for eels haven’t been conducted. In the present study, an investigation on migration rate of Anguilla japonica was conducted under the condition that slope of fish ladder for eels and spaces of protrusions are changed. It was found that migration rates decreased with the increase of slopes and spaces of protrusions. Besides, Anguilla japonica migrated while using protrusions by serpentine movement.The 11th Pacific Symposium on Flow Visualization and Image Processing, 2017, 1-3 December, Kumamoto, Japa

Detection of high k turbulence using two dimensional phase contrast imaging on LHD

High k turbulence, up to 30 cm(-1), can be measured using the two dimensional CO₂ laser phase contrast imaging system on LHD. Recent hardware improvements and experimental results are presented. Precise control over the lens positions in the detection system is necessary because of the short depth of focus for high k modes. Remote controllable motors to move optical elements were installed, which, combined with measurements of the response to ultrasound injection, allowed experimental verification and shot-to-shot adjustment of the object plane. Strong high k signals are observed within the first 100-200 ms after the initial electron cyclotron heating (ECH) breakdown, in agreement with gyrotron scattering. During later times in the discharge, the entire k spectrum shifts to lower values (although the total amplitude does not change significantly), and the weaker high k signals are obscured by leakage of low k components at low frequency, and detector noise, at high frequency

Luminosity Dependent Evolution of Lyman Break Galaxies from redshift 5 to 3

In this contribution we briefly describe our recent results on the properties of Lyman break galaxies at z~5 obtained from deep and wide blank field surveys using Subaru telescope, and through the comparison with samples at lower redshift ranges we discuss the evolution of star-forming galaxies in the early universe.Comment: 2 pages, 1 figure, for the proceedings of the IAU Symposium 235, Galaxies Across the Hubble Time, J. Palous & F. Combes, ed

Daily Illness Characteristics and Health Care Decisions of Older People

Although investigations of health care decision making typically deal with patterns of health service use, increasing attention has focused on lay- and self-care actions in response to illness symptoms. This study examined the health care actions of a community sample of 142 older adults, who recorded illness symptoms and corresponding health care actions in daily health diaries for a 14-day period. Self-treatment and no-action decisions were found to be the most frequent response to illness symptoms. Professional-care decisions were associated with greater health care need, such as multiple symptoms and increased pain. Lay-care decisions were significantly related to symptoms of shorter duration. Women were also more likely than men to self-treat their illness symptoms. Results suggest that older people deal with a greater number of recurrent chronic symptoms than previously thought and that they make most treatment decisions without consulting their doctors or other health care providers. This investigation underscores the importance of a prospective diary methodology for studying the daily complex ities of chronic illness experiences and for validating and conducting useful interventions.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/67082/2/10.1177_073346489101000204.pd

Sub-Cycle Optical Response Caused by Dressed State with Phase-Locked Wavefunctions

The coherent interaction of light with matter imprints the phase information of the light field on the wavefunction of the photon-dressed electronic state. Driving electric field, together with a stable phase that is associated with the optical probe pulses, enables the role of the dressed state in the optical response to be investigated. We observed optical absorption strengths modulated on a sub-cycle timescale in a GaAs quantum well in the presence of a multi-cycle terahertz driving pulse using a near-infrared probe pulse. The measurements were in good agreement with the analytical formula that accounts for the optical susceptibilities caused by the dressed state of excitons, which indicates that the output probe intensity was coherently reshaped by the excitonic sideband emissions